Thursday, February 10, 2011
Since 2004, that since it was established, the day of remembrance for the victims of foibe
has become an opportunity to develop a work by reviewing the historical point of view carried out not only from the right, but also by supposedly progressive intellectuals. We publish a discussion about Francis Giliani, which has witnessed an attempt of this kind in a high school in the province of Modena.
understand a historical debate, to distinguish the historical sources, contextualize the historical processes. Many "targets" recited ad nauseum in ministerial circulars and planning of teachers. Anything else che una lista di belle intenzioni, viste da un’assemblea d’Istituto sulle foibe. In queste assemblee assistiamo da anni alla ripetizione ossessiva di un unico punto di vista, quello di “storici” come Marco Pirina (coinvolto nel golpe Borghese del 1970): le foibe furono pulizia etnica praticata dai partigiani jugoslavi, ispirati dalla criminale ideologia comunista, contro l’inerme popolazione italiana infoibata a causa della sua nazionalità. I video giocano cinicamente sui sentimenti , gli storici di turno presentano la storia in modo “neutro” e non opinabile ed infine gli esuli – di solito membri o vicini alla neo-irredentista Associazione Nazionale Venezia Giulia e Dalmazia – si mettono molto spesso to make history by invoking its status as an exile as a guarantee of reliability and infallibility. It 'so strong the pressure of the Day of Remembrance in schools jump also increasingly obsessive attentions to be heard - often also interpreted by the Presidencies in a very bleak, as if we were to play a level playing style "Porta a Porta." In short, the institutions want nothing to spoil the party. All lined up.
As teachers do not think it can look the other way and not taking sides. To profess ignorance or lack of knowledge on the subject is no longer excusable. Why is not excusable shut up in front of a giant injection of nationalism among the young through the public school. In the debates on
foibe facts disappear. Or rather, who spoke in support of the thesis is dominant in fact not entitled to bring sources and arguments in support of its argument. You can just switch to another statement. The numbers are inflated dramatically. The bins are added to infoibati. Who puts into question the exorbitant foibologi (ten thousand or even more) interested in creating a counterbalance "red" Auschwitz is accused of speaking with the dead to deny the "genocide" (another term used at random) of the Italians, innocent victims of a cleaning ethnicity. To understand any phenomenon must - repeat sounds elementary - also determine the size: if infoibati were in the hundreds and mostly belonging to armed groups or fascist collaborationist, in fact, is seriously undermined the reasoning of "cleaning ethnic Italians against the innocent and should be recognized that the dominant feeling was anti-fascist and anti-Italian. For sinkholes, however, all must appear already established with the unanimous consent of all. Who denies it is a blasphemy.
The script was not different from the canvas usually the last meeting of the Institute on foibe I attended as a lecturer at February 4, 2011 Carpi. Un’assemblea simile a tante altre in tutt’Italia. In meno di due ore di assemblea ho ascoltato buona parte di quelle falsità che storici come Claudia Cernigoi e Sandi Volk hanno smontato con diversi libri basati su ricerche a pettine in tutti gli archivi possibili e immaginabili, al di qua e al di là del confine. Ricerche che, biografie alla mano, mostrano che la grandissima parte delle centinaia di infoibati tra Istria ’43 e Trieste ’45 erano volontari della Milizia di Difesa Territoriale o della X Mas, massacratori vari, delatori e collaborazionisti al servizio dei nazisti che esercitavano un dominio diretto su quell’area con la formazione della Zona d’Operazioni Litorale Adriatico. Altri, alcune migliaia di criminali fascist war, were arrested in May '45 in Trieste and Gorizia and were interned in Yugoslavia, where many of them died of starvation and after some death sentences pronounced by the Court of the Yugoslav war. It 'good to remember that none of the Italian war criminals sought by Yugoslavia was never extradited by the Italian State. E 'therefore baseless claim that the infoibati were ten or more, figures provided by authors such as Pirin and Luigi Papo (ex raking of partisans). Their list actually includes all the missing, have error rates up to 65%, as demonstrated by Cernigoi in the case of their lists for the province of Trieste. In
video dell’Istituto Luce proiettato a Carpi errori e rimozioni erano innumerevoli. Ne ricordo tre: [1] la foiba di Basovizza piena di 300 metri cubi di cadaveri di italiani, [2] la soppressione del CLN di Trieste per mano dei partigiani di Tito, spesso citata come esempio della politica fratricida tra i nemici del fascismo, e [3] l’idea che di foibe si sia iniziato a parlare dal maggio-giugno ’45, quando Trieste fu occupata dai partigiani jugoslavi.
La storia sulla foiba di Basovizza è una colossale costruzione mediatica basata sul nulla. La leggenda che vi siano 300 metri cubi di cadaveri è smentita platealmente da un telegramma confidenziale delle massime autorità Alleate del 19 febbraio 1946 nel quale si affermava che “la cessazione delle investigazioni [sui cadaveri nella foiba di Basovizza] è autorizzata. Per minimizzare qualsiasi effetto sull’opinione pubblica italiana e qualsiasi possibilità che gli jugoslavi interpretino la cessazione come un’ammissione che le accuse contro di loro erano infondate, siete autorizzati a rilasciare una dichiarazione pubblica che la cessazione delle investigazioni è dovuta a difficoltà fisiche sopravvenute, e che ciò non implicava che le asserzioni fatte dal CLNAI siano dimostrate essere infondate”. In una precedente relazione del 21 ottobre 1945 ad opera del Comando Generale delle Forze Armate statunitensi nel Mediterraneo si scrisse che nelle foiba di Basovizza erano stati rinvenuti solo alcune decine of corpses of German soldiers belonging to the First World War, and animal carcasses. There were no new investigations, but at least we have a national monument in Basovizza. Of this you should not hear: ruin a story too well built made of communist partisans bad, and most Slavs, and Italians innocent victims of a criminal ideology.
In the second case is silent about the fact that because of the Nazi repression in the city there are three different CLN last, very different from previous ones, was made up of shady characters who considered the new Yugoslavia as an enemy country, including those from X Mas, who, behind the screen of anti, sought alliances with residues of the fascist regime in operation nationalist and anti-Slavic, even reaching to prepare attacks and armed action against Tito's partisans. Is it not normal that they have decided to arrest them, prosecute them and bring them to Ljubljana?
The third point is the historical truth, if possible, even more ticklish. The first to speak of infoibamenti result of ethnic cleansing perpetrated by Italian anti-Slavic partisans were the Nazis after their tremendous re-occupation of Istria in October '43. The Nazi pamphlet in question was released in autumn '43 with the title "Here's the bill." Some people feel uncomfortable as to trace the source of their version the facts of a booklet of Nazi propaganda? It matters little to the "foibologi" Furthermore, on 8 January 1948 a local newspaper which was right Trieste Sera wrote that "if we consider that Istria was inhabited by about 500 thousand persons, of whom more than half of the Italian language, the infoibati about 500 killed and can not constitute an act but an act purely Italian anti-fascist. "Those who committed a brutal massacre were true and the SS along with Salo when Republicans regained control of the Istrian peninsula and massacred 13 thousand people. Hardly, however, will hear about at a conference on sinkholes. Ruin the rest of the story.
It is not only to focus on the historical context of the Italian occupation of Yugoslavia - and would be quite something, given that RAI is so determined not to broadcast Fascist Legacy, Italian film of the BBC on the crimes in Yugoslavia - in which the Italian general is Robotti complained in a telegram to poor cruelty of the Italian soldiers, writing in a macabre and criminal "killing is not enough." And 'certainly need to remember the 300 thousand victims Yugoslav occupation nazi-fascist work of denationalization carried out in Venezia Giulia, Istria and Dalmatia in 1923 fascism since the Gentile reform, which closed the schools in which were taught the Slovenian or Croatian, and continued with the seizure of peasant cooperatives "non-Italian" or sending to the Special Court of hundreds of Slavic anti-Fascist Italian.
It is also to expose a myth of historiography that aims to revive a nationalist and anti-common sense. A common sense well summarized by statements anti-slave violent and aggressive, like to hear an exile from Carpi, Antonio Zappador, Italian Istria from 2000 years - as claimed by a book of 1924 showed us that that without mentioning the title and author - or have nothing in common with the Slavs, after earlier in the assembly had minimized the tensions between Italians and Slavs during the fascist comparing them to the turf awkwardly between Modena and Bologna.
With the establishment of Memorial Day we are giving medals and honors a hardened war criminals. The lists of "medals" are difficult to access. Even in 2007, in the province of Udine, the relatives of those who have been honored as "martyrs Italianness" requested anonymity. Historians Cernigoi Volk and managed to have an incomplete list for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008. It appears that as many as 73% of the "winners" were members of the armed fascist or collaborationist. Here are the "models" for young people. It is people like Vincenzo Serrentino, awarded in 2007 as a Day of Remembrance "last Italian prefect of Zadar, leader of the beam fighting in Zadar since 1920, lieutenant colonel of the Blackshirts, and, after the occupation of Yugoslavia by the Axis, a member of the Special Court for Dalmatia, tried by the Yugoslav war criminal, sentenced to death and shot in '47 in Sibenik. Or Udovisi Graziano, recently deceased, the official collaborationist militia for the Territorial Defence sentenced in Case No. 165/46 of the Court of Assizes of Trieste for Extraordinary arrested partisans then tied with wire. One could go on.
Finally, it is never mentioned l’origine politica dell’istituzione della Giornata del Ricordo, fortemente voluta dagli ex di Alleanza Nazionale legati alla loro gioventù missina ma accettata supinamente anche a sinistra? Fu Maurizio Gasparri a premere perché la RAI producesse una fiction sulle foibe, “Il cuore nel pozzo”, mediocre opera di propaganda nazionalista ed anticomunista (per un’efficace critica cliccate su YouTube militant a cuore pozzo). Lo stesso Gasparri nel 2004 ipotizzò “forse milioni” di infoibati, ovvero più di tutti gli abitanti dell’Istria di allora…
Istituzioni scolastiche repressive o comunque molto diffidenti quando gli studenti si interessano o, peggio ancora, fanno politica outside of practices considered "acceptable" by those in charge, uncritically celebrate the Day of Remembrance for concealing the origin and political relationship with the current debate and thus "play politics" in a manner far from clear.
If we do not want to surrender to a powerful wave of nationalism, we must begin to ask and ask who and what is grandly celebrated every February 10. And maybe also to remind us that about 40 thousand former Italian soldiers in disarray after Sept. 8, 1943 and internationalist spirit bravely chose to join the partisan Yugoslav, Albanian and Greek to destroy fascism.
Giliani Francis (teacher of history in secondary schools)
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